广州中心城区近地面风和气温的变化特征

Characteristics of the Variation of Near-Surface Wind and Air Temperature in Central Urban Districts of Guangzhou

利用2014-2018年广州塔风和温度资料及2016-2020年海珠湿地公园生态气象站风速风向资料,对近年来广州中心城区风速变化、风向特征、大气稳定度和逆温特征进行研究。结果表明:随着城市发展,广州中心城区10 m风速明显下降;受大气湍流强度日变化的影响,各季节中广州塔121和526 m风速日变化特征差异明显。通过理查森数(Ri)法计算大气稳定度发现稳定类层结全年占比最高。逆温多出现在春季,但每月的峰值出现时间不同,全年下午时段出现逆温频率最高。

Using the wind and air temperature data of Canton Tower from 2014 to 2018 and the wind speed and direction data from an eco-meteorological station from Haizhu Wetland Park from 2016 to 2020, this work studies the characteristics of wind speed and direction variation, atmospheric stability and temperature inversion in the central urban districts of Guangzhou in the years. The results are shown as follows. With the development of the metropolis, wind speed at the height of 10 m drops significantly in the central urban districts of Guangzhou. Due to the effect of diurnal variation of atmospheric turbulence intensity, the diurnal changes of wind speed at the heights of 121 and 526 m of the tower differ much in all seasons. By the method of Richardson number(Ri), stable stratification is determined to take up the largest annual percentage of atmospheric stability. Temperature inversion occurs most frequently in spring, though it peaks at different time of the day in different months. Inversion has the highest frequency of occurrence in the afternoon in the course of the year.