新中国成立70年海权发展历程、经验及未来走向

The History,Experience and Future Trend of PRC’s 70-year Sea Power Development

新中国成立70年以来,海权发展经历了复杂的嬗变历程:海洋权利维护经历了从收复和捍卫海洋权利、开辟海洋权利维护新途径到提升海洋权利维护能力的嬗变;海洋利益实现经历了从发展海洋贸易、形成沿海开放布局、提升海洋开发能力到转变海洋经济发展模式的嬗变;海军建设经历了从抵御侵略、实现近海防御、提升综合作战能力到为实现中国梦提供力量支撑的嬗变。我国海权发展经验表现为:把促进和平发展作为海权发展的战略目标;把合作共赢作为海权发展的重要模式;把海洋开发与保护并重作为海权发展的基本原则;把夯实海上力量作为海权发展的坚强后盾。我国未来海权发展将把掌控近海制海权与争取远海合作共赢相结合、坚持陆海统筹以发展海洋经济以及建成一支世界一流的海军作为努力的方向。

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago,the development of Chinese maritime rights has undergone a complex process of evolution.The protection of marine rights has experienced the evolution from recovering and defending marine rights,opening up new ways to safeguard marine rights to enhancing the ability to safeguard marine rights.The realization of marine interests has experienced the evolution from the development of marine trade,the formation of open coastal distribution,the enhancement of marine development capacity to the transformation of the mode of marine economic development.The task of naval construction has evolved from resisting aggression,realizing coastal defense,enhancing comprehensive combat capabilities to providing strength support for the realization of the Chinese dream.China’s experience for developing maritime rights shows that the promotion of peaceful development is considered as a strategic goal of developing maritime rights,win-win cooperation is regarded as an important model of developing maritime rights,the equal attention to marine development and protection is thought of as the basic principle of developing maritime rights and the consolidation of maritime forces is taken as strong support for developing maritime rights.The future development of China’s sea power will aim at combining the power of controlling offshore sea with striving for win-win cooperation in the open sea,adhering to the overall planning of land and sea for the development of marine economy and building a world-class navy.