含能金属有机骨架材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Energetic Metal-Organic Framework

含能金属有机骨架材料是由富氮杂环含能配体与金属离子通过自组装形成的具有不同维度和结构的新型含能材料。目前含能材料面临能量与稳定性及感度相矛盾的技术瓶颈,含能金属有机骨架材料由于其结构的可设计性成为近十年来领域内研究热点。按骨架材料本身的电性分类,分别介绍了不同电性的含能金属有机骨架材料的研究进展,并从特征离子的角度分析了含能金属有机骨架材料分子内的构效关系对其合成、性能的影响。同时,介绍了含能金属有机骨架材料在高爆热材料、起爆药、推进剂的氧化剂等方面的应用研究,对未来其在含能领域和非含能领域新的应用前景进行了探讨。

Energetic metal-organic framework(EMOF)is a new class of energetic materials with different dimensions and structures,which are formed by the self-assembly of nitrogen-rich heterocyclic energetic ligands and metal ions.Recently,traditional energetic materials face technical limitations such as high-efficiency damage and strong stability,EMOF have been highlighted in this field in the past decade due to its diverse coordination modes between different metal elements and ligands.This paper introduces different EMOFs according to its different electrical properties,and analyzes the effect of the EMOF structure-property relationship on its synthesis and performance from specific ions direction.This paper reviews the application of EMOF in pyrotechnics,detonators,oxidants of thermite,etc.,and discusses how to improve the energy characteristics and expand new applications in the future.