中医诊断的“衡”与“动”

‘Balance’ and ‘dynamic’ of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis

受古代哲学思维的影响,中医诊断疾病时,不但立足整体审察人体的“平衡”状态,也特别关注获取疾病的动态变化信息,并在“平衡”与“动态”关系之间把握当前阶段人体状态的特点,从而实现对疾病的个性化诊断。其中,平衡思维主要体现在阴阳和合、五脏一体、形神统一、天人相应4个方面;动态思维主要体现在证的演变、证候分离、动态时空和多维层面4个方面。临床诊断时,应将平衡与动态思维相结合运用,以“动”的视角把握“衡”的标准,同时“衡”“动”结合指导辨证论治和发展中医状态辨识,以此更好地实现对机体健康状态全面、动态、个性化判断。

Influenced by the ancient philosophical thinking, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) not only examines the ‘balance’ state of the human body based on the whole, but also pays special attention to obtaining the dynamic change information of the disease, and grasps the characteristics of human body state in the current stage between the ‘balance’ and ‘dynamic’relationship, so as to realize the personalized diagnosis of diseases. Among them, the balanced thinking mainly embodies four aspects: the combination of yin and yang, the integration of five zang viscera, the unity of body and spirit, and the integrity of man and nature. The dynamic thinking is mainly reflected in the evolution of syndromes, the separation between syndromes and symptoms, dynamic space-time and multi-dimensional levels. In clinical diagnosis, balance and dynamic thinking should be combined. It is supposed to grasp the standard of ‘balance’ from the perspective of ‘movement’. At the same time, ‘balance’ and ‘movement’ should be combined to guide syndrome differentiation and treatment, and state identification of TCM, so as to better realize the comprehensive, dynamic and personalized judgment of body health state.