肠道菌群对中药有效成分代谢作用的研究进展

Research progress on intestinal flora on the metabolism of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine

肠道是人体吸收、代谢以及排泄药物的重要场所。肠道内的微生物种类繁多,数量庞大。近年来研究显示,许多中药经口服后,在胃肠道中被肠道微生物代谢,其代谢产物吸收入血从而产生药理作用。一些肠道菌群能够使代谢产物吸收增加,提高生物利用度,有减毒或增毒作用。环境导致的肠道菌群变化也可影响某些中药的代谢,进而影响其药代动力学及生物学效应。因此,了解中药有效成分在肠道菌群作用下的代谢过程及其影响,对于指导临床合理用药及推动药物的研发具有重要意义。文章对近年肠道菌群对某些中药及其有效成分的代谢作用研究进行综述。

The intestine is an important organ for the body to absorb, metabolize and excrete drugs. There are many kinds of microorganisms in the intestine, and the number is huge. Recent studies have shown that after oral administration, many traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) are metabolized by intestinal microbes in the gastrointestinal tract, and their metabolites are absorbed into the blood to produce pharmacological effects. Some intestinal flora can increase the absorption of metabolites,improve bioavailability, and attenuate or increase toxicity. Changes in the intestinal flora caused by the environment can also affect the metabolism of certain TCMs, thereby affecting their pharmacokinetics and biological effects. Therefore, understanding the metabolic processes and effects of TCM components under the action of intestinal flora is of great significance for guiding the clinical practice and promoting the development of drugs. This article reviews recent studies on the metabolism of certain TCMs and their active components by intestinal flora.