精准扶贫中基层组织的二元性质及现实影响

The Dualistic Nature and Realistic Influence of Grassroots Organizations in Targeted Poverty Alleviation

中国的精准扶贫取得了显著成就和决定性胜利,但反思精准扶贫中存在的问题仍然是必要的。从基层组织这一微观视域加以审视,发现基层组织作为精准扶贫实践的主体具有三重二元性质,而三重二元性质构成了一个可以放大自由决策权的弹性约束空间。在弹性约束空间内,以自我决定为核心的变通执行、以自我利益为核心的选择性执行和以自我保护为核心的消极执行等策略主义出现,精准扶贫的政策执行产生偏斜运动,精准扶贫政策目标偏离,会出现“材料扶贫”“口头脱贫”“文本脱贫”等现象。

For the present,our country has achieved remarkable achievements and decisive victory in targeted poverty alleviation;however,it is still necessary to reflect on the problems existing in the targeted poverty alleviation.From the micro perspective of grassroots organizations,grass-roots organizations,as the main body for implementing targeted poverty alleviation policies,have a triple dual nature,which constitutes an elastic constraint space of enlarging the free decision-making power.In the elastic constraint space,many strategic policies are emerging,such as flexible execution with self-determination as the core,selective execution with self-interest as the core and passive execution with self-protection as the core.Affected by the strategic policies,the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation policy has produced a skew movement with deviated target of the target deviation,which will result in some phenomena,like“poverty alleviation by materials”,“verbal poverty alleviation by words”,“poverty alleviation by texts”and so on.