俄语宣传号召性公示语模式研究

A Study on the Model of Public Signs from Russian Propaganda Calls

俄语宣传号召性公示语的表现形式为各种标语口号。标语口号具有简洁精炼、通俗易懂的特点,成为人们喜闻乐见的宣传形式,或提示指导,或鼓舞民众,起到重要的宣传作用。俄语标语口号常见各种形式的祈使句,多用各种类型的简单句,鲜见复合句。其语法结构独特,可提炼出一定模式。俄语标语口号常用动词句、静词句和省略结构。动词句包括不定式句、命令式句、陈述式句和无人称句;静词句包含名词第一格——名词第一格、名词第一格——名词第三格和да/нет/стоп——名词第三格模式;省略结构有单成分和双成分省略结构;单成分结构为前置词+名词性词组,而双成分省略结构为主语+(或带前置词)间接补语、间接补语+直接补语、状语+直接补语和状语+带前置词间接补语,等等。

Russian propaganda calls for public signs,presenting in the form of various slogans which are featured by being concise and easy to understand,have become popular forms of publicity,and play an important role in publicity—or providing guidance,or inspiring the public.Various forms of imperative sentences or simple sentences are common,whereas compound sentences are rarely found in Russian slogans from which certain patterns can be formed with unique grammatical structures;meanwhile,sentences with dynamic words,static words and elliptical constructions are frequently used in Russian slogans:infinitive,imperative,narrative and impersonal sentence patterns are inclusive in sentences with dynamic words;sentences with Static expressions refer to those with noun first case—noun first case,noun first case—noun third case and да/нет/стоп—noun third case pattern;elliptical constructions involve those with single component and double components:the former takes the form of “preposition + noun phrase”,while the latter take various patterns,like “subject + (or with preposition) indirect complement”,“indirect complement + direct complement”,“adverbial + direct complement”,“adverbial + prepositional indirect complement,etc.