《看不见的人》情境力量驱使下的路西法效应

On Lucifer Effect Driven by Situational Forces in Invisible Man

拉尔夫·艾里森的小说《看不见的人》,通过描写情境力量场驱使下的种族关系,揭示美国白人和黑人是如何一步步地从好人沦落为坏人或恶魔的历程。社会情境力量场、生存情境力量场和物化情境力量场相互作用,完美地演绎了路西法效应的多元化表现形式。从社会伦理学的视角去分析在去人性化的社会里,强奸亲生女儿的亲情关系物化、混战普遍存在的社会关系物化及生态环境物化。这引起美国人的生存空间发生急剧变化:黑人种族内部产生分歧,一部分人想要融入白人社会却遭到排挤,一部分人欲实行种族分裂主义却命丧黄泉;白人想要控制黑人却遭到黑人的反抗,因此,黑白二元对立的社会结构依旧存在。

Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man discloses how white men and Afro-Americans in the U.S.A turn evils from good people by describing race relations driven by the situational force.The mutual effects among social,surviving and materialization situational force fields deduce perfectly diversified forms of Lucifer effect.This paper analyzes,from the perspective of social ethics,materialization of affection by raping his biological daughter,materialization of social relations by confused fighting and materialization of ecological environment.As a result,Americans’ vivosphere changes a lot:Afro-Americans have divergences,that is,some want to integrate the whites’ society but being refused;others desire to carry out the national separatism only to lose their lives;the whites would like to keep the Negros under control but get revolted by Afro-Americans.Therefore,there still exists the social structure of Black and White binary opposition.