糖尿病合并结核感染的固有免疫和适应性免疫反应的研究进展

Research progress of innate immunity and adaptive immune response in diabetic patients complicated with tuberculosis infection

糖尿病是机体罹患结核病或进展为重症结核病的危险因素之一,其高糖状态引发的炎性环境可导致机体抗结核感染固有免疫细胞吞噬功能受损、相关抗原提呈细胞递呈延迟。继而适应性免疫应答诱导分化的异常会影响机体CD4+及CD8+T细胞的抗结核分枝杆菌感染作用,导致相关细胞因子分泌异常并最终引起机体免疫功能紊乱,加速结核感染进程。为此,笔者就糖尿病对机体抗结核感染的固有免疫机制和适应性免疫反应影响的研究进展进行综述,为糖尿病患者的抗炎治疗及制定合理的免疫治疗策略提供基础。

Diabetes is one of the risk factors for tuberculosis or progression to severe tuberculosis.The inflammatory environment caused by high glucose can lead to the damage of phagocytosis of innate immune cells and delayed presentation of related antigen presenting cells.Then the abnormal differentiation induced by adaptive immune response will affect the anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of CD4+and CD8+T cells,lead to abnormal secretion of related cytokines and eventually cause immune dysfunction and accelerate the process of tuberculosis infection.Therefore,the research progress on the innate immune mechanism and adaptive immune response of diabetes to anti-tuberculosis infection were reviewed,in order to provide the basis for the anti-inflammatory treatment of diabetic patients and the formulation of reasonable immunotherapy strategies.