流动与现代化:一项关于土改的历史社会学分析

Migration and Modernization: A Historical Sociological Analysis on the Land Reform of P.R.China

农民频繁流动及其导致的国家治理难题,是1949年后开展土地改革运动的重要背景之一。土地改革使众多农民从流动转向定居,结束了过去颠沛流离的生活,国家也得以重建与农民的政治联系,并通过各类新型组织强化了乡村社会治理。土地改革蕴含了解决流民问题、管控流动人口的治理逻辑,服务于在特定条件下建设现代国家的历史任务。

The frequent migration of peasants with its resulting dilemma in state governance was one of the important backgrounds of the land reform movement after the foundation of P. R. China in 1949. The land reform turned large numbers of peasants from refugees to settlers and ended their turbulent lives. As a consequence, the government was able to rebuild political ties with peasants and strengthen control on rural society by means of the new-established organizational network. To a large extent, the land reform movement contained the governance logic of solving the refugee problem and controlling the floating population, which serves the historical task of building a modern state under specific historical conditions.