复合营养素对育肥羊生长性能、消化率和血清指标的影响

Effects of Compound Nutrients on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Parameters of Fattening Sheep

【目的】研究以发酵麸皮多糖、肉桂醛、丁香酚和辣椒油树脂为主的复合营养素对杜寒育肥羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清指标的影响,以期为复合营养素在肉羊生产中的应用提供一定的理论依据。【方法】试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选择体重为(29.69±3.11)kg的36只2~3月龄杜寒杂交母羊,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复2只羊。对照组(CON)饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组分别饲喂添加2.5和5.0 g/kg复合营养素的试验饲粮。预试期14 d,正试期60 d。试验开始和结束当天晨饲前称重测定其生长性能指标,并采集血液样品测定血清生理生化、免疫与抗氧化能力等指标;在正试期第24~30和54~60天持续采集7 d粪样和饲料样,早晚各采集1次,用于测定营养物质表观消化率。【结果】①与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组育肥羊的终末重和平均日增重均显著增加(P<0.05),料重比降低,但差异不显著(P>0.05),试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组育肥羊干物质采食量均显著升高(P<0.05)。②与对照组相比,在第24~30天时,试验Ⅰ组育肥羊对干物质和有机物的表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05)。③饲粮中添加复合营养素对育肥羊血清生化各指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);与对照组相比,试验结束时,试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组育肥羊血清中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和免疫球蛋白M(immunoglobulin M,IgM)含量均显著升高(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组育肥羊血清中谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)和免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)含量均显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组育肥羊血清中丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】饲粮中添加2.5 g/kg复合营养素能够增加育肥羊干物质采食量和表观消化率,并改善其免疫功能,提高机体抗氧化水平。

【Objective】The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of compound nutrients mainly composed of fermented wheat bran polysaccharides,cinnamaldehyde,eugenol and capsicum oleoresin on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical parameters of Dorper×Thin-tailed Han crossbred fattening sheep,expecting to provide a certain theoretical basis for the application of compound nutrients in the production of mutton sheep.【Method】A single-factor randomized block design was adopted in the experiment,thirty-six 2-3-month-old Dorper×Thin-tailed Han crossbred lambs with body weight of(29.69±3.11)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 5 lambs per replicate.Lambs in the control group(CON)were fed with basal diets,lambs in the groupsⅠandⅡwere fed with basal diets supplemented with 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg compound nutrients,respectively.The pre-experimental period lasted for 14 days,and the experimental period lasted for 60 days.The sheep were weighed at the beginning and ending of the experiment to determine their growth performance,blood samples were collected to determine serum physiological and biochemical indexes,antioxidant and immune ability.Fecal samples and feed samples were collected continuously for 7 days on the 24th to 30th day and 54th to 60th day of the trial period,once in the morning and once in the evening,to determine the apparent digestibility of nutrients.【Result】①Compared with control group,the final weight and average daily gain of the fattening sheep in groupⅠwere increased significantly(P<0.05),and the feed-to-gain ratio was decreased,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The dry matter intake of the fattening sheep in the experiment groupsⅠandⅡwas significantly increased(P<0.05).②Compared with control group,the apparent digestibility of dry matter and organic compound of groupsⅠandⅡwere significantly increased on the 24th to 30th day(P<0.05).③Dietary compound nutrients had no significant effect on serum biochemical parameters of fattening sheep(P>0.05).Compared with control group,at the end of the trial,the content of serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)in groupsⅠandⅡwere significantly increased(P<0.05),the contents of serum glutathione(GSH)and immunoglobulin G(IgG)in groupⅡwere significantly reduced(P<0.05),the content of serum malondialdehyde(MDA)in groupⅠwas significantly reduced(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Adding 2.5 g/kg of compound nutrients to the diet could increase dry matter intake and apparent digestibility,improve immunity and increase the body’s antioxidant level of fattening sheep.