社区养老设施邻避效应何以产生——以H社区康养中心项目为例

How does the NIMBY Effect of the Community Pension Facilities Come into Being——Taking the Project of H Community Rehabilitation Center for the Elderly in S City as an Example

社区康养中心是社区养老的一种高质量服务方式,是完善我国养老服务体系的重要一环。通过调研发现H社区康养中心项目在建设过程中出现了严重的邻避效应,旨在通过使用半结构化访谈及参与式观察法的方法探究邻避效应的演变过程及产生原因。通过分析发现环境风险的感知、高度的动员能力以及决策过程封闭是导致康养中心“邻避效应”产生的重要原因,最后笔者认为应从建立公众参与机制、完善风险评估机制这两个方面来防范社区养老设施“邻避效应”的产生,从而推动我国老龄产业平稳发展。

The Community Rehabilitation Center for the elderly is a high-quality service method for the old people in the community, and it is an important part of improving our country’s care service system for elderly people. Through investigation, it is found that serious " NIMBY " effect appeared in the construction process of H community rehabilitation center for the elderly project. This paper aims to explore the evolution process and causes of NIMBY effect by using semi-structured interview and participatory observation. Through analysis, it is found that the perception of environmental risks, high mobilization ability and closed decision-making process are the important reasons for the NIMBY effect. Finally, the author thinks that we should establish public participation mechanism and improve the risk assessment mechanism to to avoid the " NIMBY" of community elderly care facilities, so as to promote the stable development of China.s pension industry.