四环素的生物降解研究

Study on Bio-degradation of Tetracycline

目前,我国是四环素类抗生素的原产大国,也是使用、出口大国,但四环素类抗生素具有明显的免疫毒性、致突变和胚胎毒性等巨大毒理效应,对公共健康和社会环境造成了严重威胁,四环素的降解是人们亟待解决的问题。以四环素为研究对象,枯草芽孢杆菌、无丙二酸柠檬杆菌为微生物菌种,在特定条件下对微生物进行了培养,同时利用微生物对四环素进行了生物降解,利用高效液相色谱法检测其残留量,得到四环素降解率。结果表明:无丙二酸柠檬杆菌对四环素类抗生素具有明显降解效果,而枯草芽孢杆菌对其没有降解效果,但微生物降解速度慢、时间长,不适合大规模的降解,不能满足现代工艺的要求。

At present,China produces,uses and exports large amount of tetracycline antibiotics.But they threaten public health and social environment seriously because of their severe toxicological effects,such as immunotoxicity,mutagenesisi,embryo-toxicity and so on.Therefore,the bio-degradation of tetracycline should be solved immediately.Tetracycline is a kind of organic compounds,and has the quality of stability.In this paper,taking tetracycline as research target,some experiments to culture microbe with bacillus subtilis and citrobacter amalonaticus under certain conditions were carried out.Meanwhile the microorganism was used to biodegrade tetracycline.At last,the degradation rate of tetracycline was got through HPLC.The results showed that citrobacter amalonaticus had obvious degradation effect,while bacillus subtilis had no degradation effect;The microbial degradation process can’t meet the requirements of modern technology due to its slow degradation rate.