论《金瓶梅词话》中的茶类书写及吃茶行为的叙事功能

On the Narrative Function of Tea Description and Drinking Tea Behavior in Jin Ping Mei Ci Hua

《金瓶梅词话》中关于茶的描写多达几百处,在一定程度上反映了明朝中后期的社会市井饮茶风俗。本文通过梳理,将书中纷繁复杂的关于茶种类的描写分为三类:果茶、名茶和香茶。果茶即在茶水中放入各种果蔬等调味品;关于名茶,书中只提到六安和雀舌两种;香茶是一种随身携带,用来清新口气的特制茶叶。同时,吃茶行为与书中情节发展紧密联系,具有时间叙事、冷暖叙事和情色叙事等叙事功能。吃茶行为成为当时人们衡量短时间的一种有效工具;递茶动作、茶的种类与茶具名贵与否体现出世情冷暖、人物的身份地位;“酒是色媒人,风流茶说合”,吃茶行为亦是情事的促成工具与调节剂。

There are hundreds of descriptions about "tea affairs" in Jin Ping Mei Ci Hua, which reflects the social tea drinking custom in the middle and late Ming Dynasty to a certain extent. Through combing, we can divide the complicated description of tea types in the book into three categories: fruit tea, famous tea and fragrant tea. Fruit tea is to put various fruits and vegetables and other condiments into the tea;As for famous tea, only Lu’an and Queshe are mentioned in the book;Fragrant tea is a special tea that you can carry with you to freshen your breath. At the same time, tea eating behavior is closely related to the development of the plot in the book, and has the narrative functions of time narration, warm and cold narration and erotic narration. Drinking tea behavior became an effective tool for people to measure short time at that time;The action of delivering tea, the variety of tea and whether the tea set was valuable or not reflected the cold and warm situation of the world and the identity and status of the characters. Just as the saying that wine is the matchmaker and tea promotes the lust goes, drinking tea behavior was also the promotion tool and regulator of love.