钱载《萚石斋诗文集》茶事考

Research on Tea Activities in Qian Zai’s Tuo Shi Zhai Poetry Collection

钱载是雍乾时期的长寿诗人,“秀水派”诗坛领袖,诗文画兼善,著作颇丰。时贤对钱载研究成果显著,对其茶学研究关注不多。本文以《萚石斋诗文集》为蓝本,参考《钱载年谱》,以侍从乾隆、教习皇子、交游官员、致仕生活的轨迹考察其茶事活动,挖掘整理茶诗赋内容,展示钱载的茶学知识和茶艺水平,“试茗分山泉”的品水鉴茶方法,“与时俱进”的独特制茶工艺;浅析其“鉴赏绘画,题写茶诗”高深的茶学修养,“不悲不喜,心如止水”的茶学境界;阐释其茶学思想完美体现“勤俭朴素、清正廉明、和衷共济、宁静致远”的中国茶文化内涵,以期有裨于推进钱载研究。

Qian Zai was a long-lived poet during the reigns of Emperor Yongzheng and Emperor Qianlong and a leader of the "Xiushui School". He was good at poetry, writing and painting, and wrote various works. Scholars have made remarkable achievements in Qian Zai’s research, but paid little attention to his tea science research. Based on Tuo Shi Zhai Poetry Collection and with reference to The Chronicle of Qian Zai, this paper investigates Qian Zai’s tea activities ranging from serving Emperor Qianlong, teaching princes, visiting officials and retiring life, and sorts out the content of tea poems, showing his knowledge of tea science and level of tea art. The method of "identifying mountain spring through tasting tea", combined with "advanced" unique tea making process illustrates Qian Zai’s profound tea learning cultivation and tea learning realm.The interpretation of Qian Zai’s tea learning thought perfectly embodies the Chinese tea culture with "diligence, integrity,harmony and tranquility", so as to promote the research on Qian Zai.