云南各民族茶历史文化遗产研究

Study on the Historical and Cultural Heritage of Tea of Ethnic Minorities in Yunnan

云南是世界茶树的起源地,茶也是中国文化的代表性元素之一。以六大茶山为代表的古茶山以及茶类等中国重要农业文化遗产项目构成了云南少数民族茶历史文化遗产的载体。布朗族、彝族、傣族、哈尼族、德昂族和基诺族等多民族共同哺育了云南悠久的茶历史文化遗产。在长期的种茶制茶历史过程中,形成了脉络清晰的云南茶利用的历史发展体系。云南少数民族还培育出了被国家认定的茶树品种与众多地方群体品种。他们还传承了普洱茶传统制作技艺、民族茶俗等非物质文化遗产。云南少数民族茶历史文化遗产正在新时代背景下呈现出历史文化、生态文明和乡村建设等一系列价值。

Yunnan is the origin of tea trees in the world, and tea is also one of the representative elements of Chinese culture. The ancient tea mountains represented by the six major tea mountains and the important agricultural cultural heritage projects of tea in China constitute the carrier of the tea historical and cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in Yunnan. Blang,Yi, Dai, Hani, De’ang and Jino ethnic groups have jointly nurtured Yunnan’s long history and cultural heritage of tea. In the long-term process of growing tea and making tea, a clear historical development system of tea utilization in Yunnan has been formed. Yunnan ethnic minorities have also cultivated tea varieties recognized by the state and varieties with local features.Besides, they have inherited intangible cultural heritages such as traditional production techniques of Pu’er tea and national tea customs. The historical and cultural heritage of Yunnan minority tea is showing a series of values such as historical culture, ecological civilization and rural construction in the new era.