唐代成都罗城城垣研究的几个问题

Some Issues in the Study of the Tang Dynasty Luocheng City Wall in Chengdu

唐乾符三年(公元876年),为抵御南诏的威胁,同时解决城垣狭小的问题,西川节度使高骈于子城外增扩城垣,砌以瓴甓,又改内江绕北、东两面为环壕,由此开创了成都延续千余年的罗城时代,也奠定了中古至近现代成都城垣的基本格局。不少学者对唐代成都罗城的城垣开展过细致的考察分析。

Although the foundation trench is shallow,the Luocheng city wall in Chengdu was constructed by overlapping layers of rammed earth and mixed rubble.Hollow tunnels inside the rammed earth are the result of timbers used during construction.The city wall was tapered according to regular rules but with a relatively low tapering ratio,which caused a steep facade.The width at the top of the city wall measured no more than 3 meters.Therefore,descriptions in documented records exaggerate by claiming that the top of the city wall could accommodate more than 5600 turrets and colonnades.It might have accommodated simple facilities such as guard cabins or military sheds.There were seven city gates.The Zuoqiao Gate was likely open,considering the importance of transportation to southwest.Most city gates had only one gate and one doorway.Although these city gates were built as vaulted arches at the end of the Tang Dynasty,they were soon replaced by long-lintel structures.