基于多源数据的清末民初城镇空间分布及现代经济活力评价——以黄河流域为例

Spatial Distribution of Cities and Towns in the Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China and Evaluation of Modern Economic Vitality Based on Multi-Source Data: Taking the Yellow River Basin as an Example

黄河流域作为中华文明的重要发源地之一,拥有大量历史城镇。在黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展的战略背景下,开展历史城镇的经济活力评价,对于认知区域人居环境、整体评判当下历史城镇保护与利用现状有借鉴意义。在利用清末民初地形图及现代遥感影像等多源数据对黄河流域历史城镇(清末民初时点)进行精确定位的基础上,开展面积、与河流距离、海拔、坡度等多元量化分析,并采用核密度分析等方法探究其空间分布格局;同时通过“珞珈一号”夜间灯光影像构建亮度指数,探讨现代夜间灯光指数的影响因素,对历史城镇进行经济活力识别和分级。该方法可用以探讨黄河流域历史城镇的保护、利用情况,分析区域历史城镇的整体性与空间差异。此项研究同时也从数据层、方法层为历史城市地理等相关研究给出了新的思考与尝试。

As one of the important birth places of Chinese civilization, there are numerous historical cities and towns in the Yellow River Basin.Under the strategic background of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, the evaluation of the economic vitality of historical cities and towns is of great significance for the perception of regional human settlements and the overall assessment of the current status of the protection and utilization of historical cities and towns.Using multi-source spatial data(including topographic maps in the late Qing Dynasty and Early Repulic of China, and today’s remote sensing images) to accurately locate historical towns in the Yellow River Basin, we performed multivariate quantitative analysis of area, distance from the river, elevation, slope, etc.,and analyzed the spatial distribution using the nuclear density method.By constructing two light brightness indices of Luojia 1-01 night time light imagery, the economic vitality of historical city sites was identified, and the influencing factors of night light index was explored.Analyzing the results of night economic classification of cities and towns allows for the study of the protection and utilization of historical city sites in the Yellow River Basin and analysis of the integrity and spatial differences of regional historical cities and towns.In addition, this research also provides new ideas and attempts for historical urban geography and other related research from a data and methods perspective.