论数字作品转售的理论困境与突破

On the Theoretical Predicament and Breakthrough of Digital Works Resale

就数字网络环境下数字作品转售的法理依据,当前主要存在着类推适用首次销售原则和创设信息网络传播权有限用尽规则两种观点,但二者均存在无法圆说的理论和实践困境。基于此,可以选择通过默示许可制度来对数字作品转售过程中各方主体间利益冲突予以规制,具体的制度构造则主要包括:尊重著作权人自由的意思表示,没有明确拒绝即视为同意转售;保障信息贫困者于必要情形下的合理使用与强制许可权利;采取类似“上传+删除”等控制使用作品的技术措施保障数字作品在转售中的竞争性和唯一性;建立基于区块链和智能合约技术的统一交易平台和集体管理制度。

As for the legal basis for resale of digital works in the digi tal network environment,there are currently two viewpoints:the principle of applying the first sale by analogy and the creation of the rule of limited exhaustion of informat ion network dissemination rights,but both have theoretical and pra ctical difficulties that cannot be solved by these points.Based on this,we can choose to regulate the conflict of interests between all parties in the process of resale of digital works through an implied license system.The concrete institutional structures mainly include:respecting the copyright owner's expression of intention,and no clear rejection is deemed consent to resale;guaranteeing the information poor’s reasonable use and compulsory licensing rights under necessary circumstances;adopting similar“upload+delete”and other technical measures to control the use of works to ensure the competitiveness and uniqueness of digital works in resale;establishing a unifi ed trading platform and collective management system based on blockchain and smart contract technology.