国家公园背景下旅游地居民参与旅游的能力和意愿关系研究——以祁连山国家公园青海片区为例

Relationship between the ability and willingness of tourism destination residents to participate in tourism:case of Qilian Mountain National Park(Qinghai region)

国家公园的主要任务是生态保育和游憩供给,当地居民不仅是受国家公园体制建设影响最直接的群体,也是国家公园建设过程的重要参与群体,其生产和生活均与国家公园紧密相连。因此,在国家公园背景下探究旅游地居民参与旅游的能力和意愿有利于推进国家公园游憩功能开发及实施乡村振兴战略。文中以祁连山国家公园青海片区为案例地,将处于不同发展水平的旅游地划分为3类:探索阶段旅游地、参与阶段旅游地、发展阶段旅游地,借助SPSS、AMOS软件对3类旅游地居民参与旅游的能力和意愿的关系进行分析。研究表明:3类旅游地居民的参与能力均显著正向影响参与意愿和旅游感知,旅游感知显著正向影响参与意愿;3类旅游地居民的旅游感知在参与能力和参与意愿之间起部分中介作用,其中发展阶段旅游地居民的旅游感知中介效应最强;居民的地方依恋在参与能力和参与意愿之间起正向调节作用,但调节作用仅体现于参与阶段和发展阶段的旅游地,探索阶段旅游地没有显著的调节作用。

The main task of national parks is ecological conservation and recreation supply.During the construction of national parks,local residents are not only the most directly affected groups,but the also important participants.Their production and life are closely connected with national park.Therefore,exploring the ability and willingness of tourism destination residents to participate in tourism on the background of national park is conducive to promoting the development of recreation functions of national parks and implementation the rural revitalization strategy.Taking Qinghai Region of Qilian Mountain National Park as the case,we divided all tourism destinations with different development levels into three types:exploration stage,involvement stage and development stage.With the help of SPSS and AMOS,the relationship between the ability and willingness of tourism destination residents to participate in tourism was analyzed.The results show that the participation ability of residents in the three types of tourism destinations has a significant positive impact on participation willingness and tourism perception,and tourism perception has a significant positive impact on participation willingness.The tourism perception of residents in the three types of tourist destination plays a part of mediating role between ability and willingness,and the mediating effect of tourism destination in development stage is the strongest.Residents′place attachment has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between ability and willingness.However,the moderating effect is only presented in the involvement stage and development stage,and there is no significant moderating effect in the exploration stage.