从“树”到“枯树”:庾信诗文意象的生成机制及审美转向

From “Tree” to “Dead Tree”:The Generation Mechanism and Aesthetic Turn of Yu Xin’s Poetic Images

庾信历经梁王朝由盛转衰乃至覆亡的全过程,其诗文风格由南朝的轻艳绮丽转为屈节仕北后的苍凉老成。“树”意象贯穿于庾信诗文创作的始终。在前期作品中,庾信笔下之树富有生机与活力,是其生命状态的直观呈现。入北以后,庾信亲历社会动乱和朝代更迭,深刻体悟到人生无常,世事难料。投射于文学作品,他反复描写“移树”“枯树”意象。由枝繁叶茂到摇落变衰,“树”意象的转变是庾信生命轨迹的真实写照。以蕴含悲剧色彩的“枯树”意象表达主观感受,亦是庾信后期融合南北方文学风尚,形成“以悲为美”创作主张的具体实践。

Yu Xin experienced the whole process of Liang Dynasty from prosperity to decline and even to its fall.His literary style changed from the bright and beautiful in the Southern Dynasty to the desolate and mature after he humiliatingly served the Northern Dynasty.The imagery of “tree” runs through Yu Xin’s poetry creation.In the previous works, the trees written by Yu Xin are full of vigor and vitality, which is an intuitive presentation of his life state.After entering the Northern Dynasty, Yu Xin experienced social turmoil and changes of dynasties, deeply realizing that life is impermanent and unpredictable.Projected in literary works, he repeatedly described the images of “moving tree” and “dead tree”.From luxuriant branches to swaying and decaying, the change in the images of “tree” is a true portrayal of Yu Xin’s life trajectory.The expression of subjective feelings with the image of “dead tree” with tragic color is also a concrete practice of Yu Xin’s later integration of northern and southern literary styles to form the creative proposition of “tragic as beauty”.