基于LCA和SBM模型的苹果生产环境效率评价

Evaluation of environmental efficiency of apple production based on LCA and SBM models

苹果生产环境效率关系到苹果产业的可持续发展。基于2020年苹果种植户微观调研数据,文中采用LCA和SBM模型对苹果生产环境效率进行评价。研究结果表明:1)相较于农作阶段,苹果生产系统农资阶段产生的环境负面影响更为显著,贡献潜力达到56.50%。2)苹果生产环境效率受到投入端和产出端的共同作用,研究区域苹果生产环境效率整体上还存在很大的改进空间,环境效率需提升的果农占比为56.87%。3)不同区域间苹果生产的环境效率存在显著性差异,庆城县苹果生产的环境效率(0.79)远远低于白水县(0.96),根本原因在于自然灾害造成的风险冲击及基础设施建设不完善导致的损失加重。

The environmental efficiency of apple production is related to the sustainable development of apple industry.Using the LCA and SBM models and the micro-survey data of apple growers in 2020,we analyzed and evaluated the environmental efficiency of apple production.The results of the study showed that:1)The negative environmental impacts from the agricultural material production phase of the apple production system were more significant compared to the farming phase,with a contribution potential of 56.50%.2)The environmental efficiency of apple production was affected by the combination of input and output,and there was still much room for improvement of the environmental efficiency in the overall,with 56.87%of the apple farmers needing improvement.3)There were significant differences in the environmental efficiency of apple production between regions.The environmental efficiency in Qingcheng county(0.79)was much lower than that in Baishui county(0.96),which was mainly determined by the risk shock caused by natural disasters and the aggravation of losses due to poor infrastructure development.