基于农户分化视角的农户对宅基地退出政策评价研究—以安徽金寨县农户为例

Effect of farmers′differentiation on evaluation of rural homestead withdrawal policy

基于安徽金寨县335户农户调研数据,运用熵权改进的TOPSIS方法、障碍度模型和多元线性回归模型,从农户分化视角探讨农户对宅基地退出政策评价及其影响因素。结果发现:农户对宅基地退出政策总体评价较好,伴随农户职业分化和收入分化程度提高,其对退出政策评价也越高;政策内容对农户退出政策评价影响最为显著,而政策实施过程对中收入、高收入、兼业和非农户政策评价影响更为显著,政策实施效果对低收入和纯农户政策评价影响更为显著;影响农户政策评价前5位障碍因子分别为宅基地退出补偿标准、宅基地退出补偿账务公开、宅基地退出补偿资金监督管理、宅基地退出补偿相关配套政策和所获补偿核算;除政策本身影响外,户主受教育程度、健康状况、权利保障状况、信息能力和家中是否有村干部对农户政策评价有正向影响,家庭人口数、需抚养人口数和宅基地面积对农户政策评价有负向影响。最后,提出相应对策建议。

Based on the micro-data of 335 households in Jinzhai county,Anhui province,we tested the effect of farmers′differentiation on evaluation of homestead withdrawal policy.The results show that:the overall evaluation of the homestead withdrawal policy by farmers is good.With the improvement of occupation differentiation and income differentiation of farmers,their evaluation of homestead withdrawal policy is also higher.Policy content has the most significant impact on the evaluation of policy;policy implementation process has more significant impact on the evaluation of policy by middle level income,higher level income,part-time and non-rural farmers;policy implementation effect has more significant impact on the policy evaluation by low level income and pure farmers.The top five obstacle factors that affect the policy evaluation of farmers are the compensation standard of homestead withdrawal,the accounting disclosure for compensation of homestead withdrawal,supervision and management of compensation funds for homestead withdrawal,related supporting policies for homestead withdrawal,and accounting for compensation received.In addition to the policy itself,the education level,health status,rights protection status,information ability and whether there is a village cadre in the family have positive impacts on the evaluation of policy by farmers;the number of households,the number of dependents and the homestead area have negative impacts on the evaluation of policy by farmers.Finally,some suggestions are put forward.