民族地区历史文化街区多元文化景观感知与景观认同研究——以呼和浩特市大召历史文化街区为例

Multicultural landscape perception and landscape identity in historical and cultural block in ethnic areas

中华民族多元一体格局下,民族地区各民族间不断交往、交流、交融形成了多元文化景观。文章以呼和浩特市大召历史文化街区为例,依托实地参与式观察资料和网络旅游评论文本材料,运用内容分析法、扎根理论、IPA分析等研究方法,分析旅游者对民族地区历史文化街区多元文化景观感知与景观认同差异。研究发现:多元文化景观感知以宗教文化集萃、建筑文化兼容、商贸文化互通、民族文化聚合为重要内容;景观意象认知、景观旅游互动、景观身心体验、景观情感融入有序推进形成景观认同路径;旅游者对不同类型文化景观存在旅游体验质量差异。文章通过探寻民族地区文化共融的表征,剖析旅游者对多元文化景观感知与景观认同态度,既在理论上丰富和延展景观认同的内涵,也可为民族地区文化旅游深度融合发展提供参考。

Under the pattern of diversity in unity of the Chinese nation,the continuous interaction and intermingling of various ethnic groups in ethnic areas has created a pluralistic cultural landscape.Taking the Dazhao historical and cultural block in Hohhot as an example,Based on field participatory observation data and online tourism review text materials,by using content analysis,the grounded theory and importance-performance analysis,differences in tourists′perceptions of multicultural landscapes and landscape identity in historical and cultural blocks of ethnic areas were analyzed.The study found that:multicultural landscape perception is based on religious culture collection,architectural culture compatibility,trade culture intercommunication and ethnic culture aggregation.Landscape imagery cognition,landscape tourism interaction,landscape physical and mental experience,and landscape emotional integration form the landscape identity path in an orderly manner.There are differences in the quality of tourism experience among tourists for different types of cultural landscapes.The article explores the representation of cultural integration in ethnic areas and analyses tourists′perceptions of multicultural landscapes and their attitudes towards landscape identity,which not only enriches and extends the connotation of landscape identity theoretically,but also provides a reference for the in-depth integration development of cultural tourism in ethnic areas.