The long-COVID-19 in older adults: facts and conjectures

The coronavirus disease-19(COVID-19)has greatly affected the overall health of the elderly population through direct biological(infection-related)and indirect psychosocial(quarantine-and isolation-related)effects.Because the severe form of COVID-19 most frequently targets this population,the prevalence of long-term sequelae is expected to rise consequentially in people≥65 years old.The prominent neuropsychiatric consequences of COVID-19 and the cognitive frailty seen in older adults can both have a negative impact on their mental health.To explore the behavioral,neurological,and psychosocial consequences of COVID-19,we conducted separate studies on different populations of older adult people residing in Lombardy-the Italian epicenter of the first pandemic wave in spring 2020.