典型进口含铜原料熔炼烟气中重金属的释放特性

Release characteristics of heavy metals in smelting flue gas of typical imported copper-bearing raw materials

为了解我国进口含铜原料熔炼烟气中重金属的释放特性,以近年进口申报的铜精矿、铜锍、铜转炉渣和含铜污泥4种典型含铜原料为研究对象,通过高温管式炉模拟研究不同含铜物料、熔炼温度、熔剂添加比例等条件下,熔炼烟气中重金属的释放特性。结果表明,4种进口含铜原料熔炼烟气中As、Pb质量分数较高,进口铜精矿和含铜污泥熔炼烟气重金属质量分数高于进口铜锍和铜转炉渣;熔炼温度从1000℃升至1300℃时,铜精矿和铜锍熔炼烟气中Zn、Cu、As、Pb等重金属的质量分数随着温度的升高而增加,Mn的质量分数随温度升高变化不大;熔剂添加比例由0增至18%时,铜精矿熔炼烟气中Zn、As的质量分数分别降低了28%、44%,Mn、Cu和Pb质量分数变化不大,进口铜锍熔炼烟气中Zn质量分数减少了85.2%,As的质量分数则随熔剂添加比例的增加而增加。本研究结果可为进口含铜原料熔炼烟气中重金属减排提供参考。

To understand the release characteristics of heavy metals in the melting flue gas of imported copperbearing raw materials in China,four typical copper-containing materials,namely copper concentrate,copper matte,copper converter slag,and copper-bearing sludge,were imported in recent years as research objects,and the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the melting flue gas was studied by high-temperature tube furnace simulation under the conditions of different copper-containing materials,melting temperatures and melt addition ratios.The results showed that the four imported copper-bearing raw materials contain high As and Pb mass fractions in smelting flue gas,imported copper concentrate and copper-containing sludge smelting flue gas has a higher concentration of heavy metals than imported copper matte and copper converter slag;the mass fractions of Zn,Cu,As and Pb in the melting flue gas of copper concentrate and copper matte increased with the increase of temperature when the melting temperature increased from 1000℃to 1300℃,and the mass fractions of Mn did not change significantly with the increase of temperature;when the flux addition ratio is increased from 0 to 18%,the mass fractions of Zn and As in copper concentrate and copper matte smelting flue gas decreased by 28%and 44%respectively,while the mass fractions of Mn,Cu and Pb does not change much,the mass fractions of Zn in the flue gas of imported copper matte smelting decreased by 85.2%,while the mass fractions of As increased with the increase of flux addition ratio.This study can provide a reference for the reduction of heavy metals in the smelting flue gas of imported copper-bearing raw materials.