高校亲环境行为的影响因素研究——基于大学生垃圾分类意愿视角

Influencing Factors of Pro-Environmental Behavior in Colleges and Universities——From the Perspective of College Students’ Willingness to Classify Garbage

大学生作为社会经济发展的新兴力量,其垃圾分类等亲环境行为对提升整个社会的环境治理成效起到重要作用。本文基于计划行为理论与“知—信—行”模式,构建大学生垃圾分类意愿机理模型,对南京市在校大学生的垃圾分类意愿进行问卷调查,运用结构方程模型探究影响大学生垃圾分类意愿的关键因素,通过差异性检验探讨不同类型高校在关键因素上的差异,并通过多群组分析探讨性别、设施与服务体系在意愿影响上的差异性。研究结果表明:(1)环境认知会通过行为态度、知觉行为控制形成一个传导机制间接影响大学生垃圾分类意愿;(2)行为态度、知觉行为控制显著影响大学生垃圾分类意愿,而主观规范无显著影响;(3)调研高校学生的垃圾分类意愿水平存在异质性,表现为高职院校>一般院校>重点高校;(4)性别差异显著影响垃圾分类意愿,女生更容易受到主观规范的影响,而男生更容易受到知觉行为控制的影响;(5)设施与服务体系先进或落后,对垃圾分类意愿的影响无显著差异。据此,本文提出提升大学生群体垃圾分类意愿的对策建议,以期为培育大学生群体的亲环境行为及推进高校生活垃圾的分类治理提供决策参考。

As a new force of social and economic development,college students’ pro-environmental behaviors such as garbage classification play an important role in improving the effectiveness of environmental governance of the whole society.Based on the theory of planned behavior and the “knowledge,attitude,belief and practice” model,this paper constructs the mechanism model of college students’ garbage classification intention,investigates the garbage classification willingness of college students in Nanjing,and uses structural equation model to explore the key factors affecting college students’ garbage classification willingness,probing into the difference of different types of universities in key factors through the difference test,and discusses the differences in the willingness of gender,facilities and service system through multi-group analysis.The results show that:(1) environmental cognition indirectly affects the willingness of college students to classify garbage through behavior attitude and perceived behavior control.(2) Behavior attitude and perceived behavior control significantly affect the willingness of college students to classify garbage,while subjective norm has no significant effect.(3)There is heterogeneity in the level of garbage classification intention of college students,which shows that higher vocational colleges are higher than average colleges and key colleges.(4) Gender difference significantly affects the intention of garbage classification,which shows that girls are more susceptible to subjective norm,while boys are more susceptible to perceived behavior control;Facilities and service systems are advanced or backward,and there is no significant difference in the willingness of garbage classification.According to the above conclusions,this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures to improve the willingness of college students to classify garbage,which can provide decision-making reference for cultivating the pro-environmental behavior of college students and promoting the classified treatment of domestic waste in colleges and universities.