雄安新区生态安全保障构架与管控对策

The Ecological Security Framework and Control Countermeasures of Xiong’an New Area

绿色生态宜居城市是雄安新区建设的主要目标之一,城市生态系统服务能力提升、生态安全保障,以及与此相适应的国土空间管控是保障这一建设目标实现的重要基础。本文从雄安新区的生态功能定位、新区可持续发展,以及居民福祉提升的目标出发,考虑新区生态安全格局结构完整性和生态系统服务内在需求,首先,分析了新区生态安全保障的内涵和要求,明确了雄安新区生态安全所依赖的特征空间尺度;然后,基于新区多尺度的生态安全保障要求,提出了包括生态保护红线、生态安全管控体系、白洋淀国家公园建设、生态补偿机制的面向生态安全保障的国土管控策略,并从生态安全监测、生态安全预警和生态安全管理三个方面,探讨了新区生态安全管控体系;最后,针对京津冀、大清河流域、雄安新区三个生态安全保障的特征尺度,从不同尺度相应关键生态系统服务供需的角度,提出了生态安全保障的对策建议,为新区生态城市的建设提供参考。

One of the main objectives of the Xiong’an New Area is to build a green,eco-friendly city,and the enhancement of urban ecosystem services,ecological safety and security,as well as the spatial control of the national territory are important foundations to ensure the realization of this objective.This paper analyses the connotation and requirements of ecological security in the Xiong’an New Area.Considering the structural integrity of the ecological security pattern and the intrinsic needs of ecosystem services,we defines the characteristic spatial scales on which the ecological security of the Xiong’an New Area depends.Based on the multi-scale ecological security requirements of the Xiong’an New Area,a territorial control strategy for ecological security is proposed,including the ecological protection red line,ecological security control system,the construction of Baiyangdian National Park and ecological compensation mechanism.Finally,the proposed measures for ecological security are proposed from the perspective of supply and demand of key ecosystem services at different scales to provide reference for the construction of an ecological city in the Xiong’an New Area.