“絜情”与“分理”——戴震“系契情则理明”的伦理思考

Xie Qing and Fen Li:Dai Zhen′s Ethical Reflection on "Xie Qing Brings out the Li"

“分理”在戴震的伦理学中是指人与人的区别和融通,其内核是一般性的“情欲”,因此为了明晰“分理”,他采取“以情絜情”的方法。但这一方法在实践过程中存在隐没他者“情欲”诉求的可能性,所以仍需要我们去改进和优化。研究者在“絜情”之外补充了“心知”,文章在此基础上又引入“人所不欲、勿施于人”和对话等理念,一方面把他者提升到不可同化的高度,另一方面通过对话把他者的“情欲”呈现出来,以期在明晰“分理”的道路上将“絜情”推进一步。

In Dai Zhen′s ethics study,Fen Li means the distinction and integration among human beings,the core of which is the general "desires".In order to clarify the Fen Li,he adopted the way of Yi Qing Xie Qing.However,there is a possibility that this method may ignore others′ "desire" claims in practice,so we still need to optimize it.Later scholars added Xin Zhi,an intellectual concept,to Xie Qing and this paper introduces the concepts of "don′t do to others what they don′ t want" and dialogue.On the one hand,it elevates the other to the level of non-assimilation;on the other hand,it presents others′ "desires" through dialogue,which can further advance the Xie Qing on the path of clarifying Fen Li.