An Ecological Compensation Mechanism based on the Green Productive Area of Cities

基于城市绿色生产性面积的生态补偿机制研究

China’s urban expansion,food security,and energy transition are in a critical situation.One solution is to tap into the green production potential of the built urban environment and explore new ways to save land space and alleviate ecological pressure through food and solar energy production.This paper differs from previous ecological compensation studies,which mostly focus on key ecological functional areas or fiscal compensation mechanisms,in that it innovatively establishes an ecological compensation mechanism within the urban space.In this paper,we propose the"green productive area"of cities as a way to measure the ecological carrying capacity improvement potential of cities from the perspective of urban ecology,and it is based on converting the green resource income of cities into the ecological footprint area they could save under the same conditions.First,a typological approach was used to establish a compensation strategy for green production.Second,a spatial inventory was taken of all elements of the built environment and an analysis of their green production potential was carried out.Finally,it was necessary to establish a unified accounting standard for the ecological land saving benefits of different green production options,which could be converted into green productive land area indicators.In the case of Xuefu Street in Nankai District,Tianjin,the available rooftops and idle land were used for green production,which supplemented the ecological carrying capacity provided by the natural land occupied by 12%of the buildings in the district.

我国城市扩张、粮食保障和能源转型形势严峻,如何挖掘城市建成环境的绿色生产潜力、探索一条通过粮食生产和太阳能利用节约土地空间并缓解生态压力的新途径?本文不同于以往生态补偿研究大多以重点生态功能区为对象或以财税补偿机制为手段,而是创新性地建立了一种城市空间内部的生态补偿机制。本文提出城市“绿色生产性面积”作为一种从城市生态学角度来衡量城市生态承载力提升潜力的方法,它基于将城市绿色资源收入换算成相同条件下它们所能节约的生态足迹面积。首先,通过类型学方法建立绿色生产补偿策略;其次,进行城市建成环境的全要素空间清查及其绿色生产潜力分析;最后,建立不同绿色生产的生态节地效益统一核算标准,并转换为绿色生产性土地面积指标。以天津市南开区学府街道为例,通过可利用的屋顶及闲置用地进行绿色生产,补充了该区12%的建筑所占用的自然土地所能提供的生态承载力。