以农业面源污染阻控为目标的河流生态缓冲带研究进展

Research progress in riverine ecological buffer zone for control of agricultural non-point source pollution

河流生态缓冲带是河流生态系统的重要组成部分,一些国家已将河流生态缓冲带的构建与维护作为控制流域面源污染的关键措施。针对河流生态缓冲带的农业面源污染阻控功能,梳理了河流生态缓冲带的研究进展。基于河流生态缓冲带类型的划定,重点总结了河岸植被缓冲带的阻控机制及影响阻控效果的主要因素、氮磷削减途径和缓冲带生态构建模式,并就植被缓冲带对污染物的削减机理及量化方法、缓冲带的设计理念与构建模式、缓冲带的长期效果评估和管理机制等方面提出了展望,以期为我国河流生态缓冲带的科学划定、生态构建以及生态系统管理提供参考。

As an important part of river ecosystem,riverine buffer zone has been regarded as one of the best ways for river basin governance and also employed globally as a key technical measure to control non-point source pollution.On the basis of literature review,this article summarized the recent research progress on riverine buffer zone for control of agricultural non-point source pollution to improve water quality,in particular to the types of riverine buffer zone,the pollution control mechanism of typical riparian vegetation buffer zone,the main impact factors on the retention effect of pollutants in runoff,removal pathway of N and P,as well as ecological construction mode of riparian buffer zone.Moreover,based upon recent research status in riverine buffer zone,prospects were put forward in terms of the mechanism and quantization method of pollutant reduction,the design concept and construction mode,and the long-term effect evaluation and management mechanism of buffer zone,so as to provide reference for the scientific delimitation,ecological construction and system management of riverine buffer zone in China.