互联网法院的演进逻辑与功能定位

Evolutionary Logic and Functional Positioning of the Internet Court

互联网法院作为网络思维、网络技术与现代司法深度融合的产物,它是以“网上案件网上审”为审理思维,充分运用网络信息技术手段,将网络案件受理、送达、调解、证据交换、庭前准备、庭审、宣判、送达等诉讼环节在线化,构筑前置化调解、ODR、诉讼等多层级、多元化的解决网络纠纷的专门性审判机关。互联网法院作为我国网络治理模式的“试验田”,其演进历程与法院信息化建设息息相关,从1995年的萌芽至今,互联网法院演进逻辑可划分为四个阶段,初创期(1995年)、探索期(1996-2011年)、快速形成期(2012-2018年)、实践期(2019年至今)。从语义与实证分析可窥见,互联网法院的功能定位为解决网络纠纷、便利民众以及探索网络治理新模式,旨在建立高效、便捷、专业、低成本的网络纠纷化解机构,从而推动网络纠纷的专业化治理和网络空间治理的法治化。

As a product of the deep integration of network thinking,network technology and modern justice,the Internet court is based on the mode of “online case,online trial” and makes full use of network information technology means to online the litigation links such as online case acceptance,service,mediation,evidence exchange,pre-trial preparation,court trial,sentencing and service,so as to build pre mediation,ODR Litigation and other multi-level and diversified specialized judicial organs to solve network disputes. As an “experimental field” of China’s network governance model,the progress of Internet courts is closely related to the construction of court informatization. The evolutionary logic of Internet courts can be divided into four stages: the budding period( from 1995),the exploration period( 1996—2011),the rapid formation period( 2012—2018),and the practice period( 2019-present). As seen from the semantic and empirical analysis,the Internet court is to resolve online disputes,facilitate the public as well as explore new modes of online governance,so as to establish an efficient,convenient,professional and low-cost online dispute resolution institution,thus promoting the professional governance of online disputes and the rule of law of network governance.