技术赋能下的未来课堂样态探索与反思

Exploration into and Reflection on The Future Classroom Under the Empowerment of Technology

技术的进步助推着教育的发展,也促成了课堂变革的发生。在一次又一次的技术革命下,作为教学主阵地的课堂在环境、教学方式、参与者等方面都发生了巨大变化。以人工智能应用为标志的第四次技术革命正在对现代课堂发起前所未有的冲击和挑战,未来课堂成为学界关注的话题。对未来课堂样态的探讨是从历史和现实的回溯与关照中寻找课堂发展态势——在空间上走向技术智能泛化,在教学上走向人工智能参与,在评价上走向人机共同参与,借此窥见未来课堂对传统课堂与现代课堂的颠覆和坚守。以泛在技术为核心特征的未来课堂必然会面临相应的风险,包括实体课堂面临解构,师生主体地位“降格”,课堂情感交流贫乏等。因此,警惕技术主义的流弊才能打破未来课堂的迷失,用“规则”应对课堂样态的泛化,以赋能应对师生能力的失衡,用“理智”应对技术价值的异化,用“人文”应对技术理性的强化,实现未来课堂中人与社会性的回归。

Advances in technology have promoted the development of education and boosted the revolution in classrooms.Under the influence of technological revolutions,the classroom as the main venue of teaching has undergone dramatic changes in terms of environment,teaching methods,and participants.The fourth technological revolution marked by the application of artificial intelligence is unprecedently impacting and challenging the modern classroom,so the future classroom has become a topic of concern in the academic field.The discussion of the forms of future classroom aims to find developmental trend from the retrospection and introspection of history and reality,such as the generalization of technological intelligence in terms of space,the participation of artificial intelligence in teaching,and the participation of human-machine in evaluation,so as to take a glimpse into the subversion and adherence of the tradition and modernity in the future classrooms.The future classroom with ubiquitous technology as the core feature will inevitably face corresponding risks,including the deconstruction of physical classroom,the“downgrading”of the subject status of teacher and student,and the lack of emotional communication in the classroom.Therefore,only by being vigilant against the abuses of technology can we find the breakthrough in the loss of future classrooms.We should use“rules”to deal with the generalization of classroom patterns,so as to empower teachers and students to deal with the imbalance in their abilities.We should use“rationality”to cope with the alienation of technological value,and use“humanity”to cope with the strengthening of technological rationality,so as to realize the return of human and sociality in the classroom in the future.