某航炮高吸能变刚度缓冲装置动力学特性研究

Research on dynamic characteristics of high-energy absorbing and variable stiffness buffer device for aircraft gun

基于有阻尼受迫振动微分方程,建立高吸能变刚度缓冲装置的动力学仿真模型,以航炮后坐力最小为目标函数,以缓冲装置结构参数值为约束条件,通过采用带精英策略的非支配排序的遗传算法对模型进行优化设计,获得最优后坐力控制参数,对高吸能变刚度缓冲装置和原单刚度普通弹簧液压缓冲装置对航炮减后坐力效果进行验证。结果表明,所建立的高吸能变刚度缓冲装置动力学仿真模型能够对动力学特性进行准确预测,尤其是在后坐位移和前冲位移小的条件下,高吸能变刚度缓冲装置比原单刚度普通弹簧液压缓冲装置后坐力平均值减小12.9%,前冲力平均值减小72.3%,提高了航炮射击稳定性和射击精度。

To establish dynamics simulation model of high-energy absorbing and variable stiffness buffer device,taking the minimizing recoil force of aircraft gun as the objective function and buffer device structural parameters as the constraints,the objective optimization design of the model was carried out by using elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm.It obtained the control parameters of the optimal recoil force based on the forced vibration differential equation with damping.A test verification bench was built to verify the effect of the high energy absorbing variable stiffness buffer device and the original single stiffness spring hydraulic buffer device on the recoil force reduction of the aircraft gun.The results show that the proposed dynamic system simulation model for high-energy absorbing and variable stiffness buffer device can be used to accurately predict the dynamic performance,especially when the recoil displacement and forward displacement is small.High-energy absorbing and variable stiffness buffer devicecan reduce the average value of the recoil force by 12.9%and the average value of the forward force by 72.3%,compared to the original single stiffness spring hydraulic buffer device.It greatly improve the firing stability and firing accuracy of the aircraft gun.