不同流出率对黄瓜椰糠栽培的影响

Effect of different effluent flow on cucumber growth with coconut-coir cultivation

为探索玻璃温室椰糠基质栽培条件下灌溉量对黄瓜生长和产量的影响,设置了15%(T1)、20%(T2)、25%(T3)和30%(T4)4个流出率进行试验。结果显示,随着流出率的增加,流出液的EC、pH更接近灌溉液的EC、pH,大量元素和中量元素的含量没有规律性的变化,但钠和氯的含量呈递减趋势;流出率从T1增至T3时,蔓长和叶片数随之增加,其中T3与T1相比分别增加0.45 m和3.0片叶,达5%显著差异水平。超过T3后,T4的蔓长和叶数反而减少;尽管T1的单株产量3.39 kg·株^(-1)最高,比最低T2和T4的3.16 kg·株^(-1)高出0.23 kg·株^(-1),但没有达到显著差异水平;肥料生产力与流出率呈负相关,T1最高31.47 kg·kg^(-1),比最低T4的21.29 kg·kg^(-1)显著高10.18 kg·kg^(-1),超出47.82%。综上所述,当灌溉水中钠离子含量(ρ)不超过60 mg·L^(-1)时,15%流出率可作为黄瓜椰糠栽培的适宜灌溉量指标。

To evaluate the effect of irrigation amount on cucumber growth and yield under coconut-coir cultivation in greenhouse,15%(T1),20%(T2),25%(T3)and 30%(T4)effluent flow were tested in this experiment.The results showed that EC and pH of effluent was approached to irrigation water with the increasing effluent flow,however,no obvious pattern of macro-element and medium-element were observed.The content of Na^(+) and Cl^(-) decreased followed by increased effluent flow,the Na^(+) content of T1(181.96 mg·L^(-1))was 27.89%and 207.73%higher than that of T4(142.28 mg·L^(-1))and irrigation water(59.13 mg·L^(-1)).The Cl-content of T1(29.13 mg·L^(-1))was 72.26%and 190.43%higher than that of T4(16.91 mg·L^(-1))and irrigation water(10.03 mg·L^(-1)).The length of vine and number of leaves were significantly increased when effluent flow increased from T1 to T3,the vine length of T3 was 0.45m long and leaves were 3.0 more.To the contrary,the length of vine and number of leaves were decreased when effluent flow exceeded T3.The remarkable effect of effluent flow on yield was not observed,though T1 produced the highest yield(3.39 kg·plant^(-1))which was only 0.23kg·plant^(-1) higher than those of T2 and T4.The fertilizer productivity showed negative relationship with effluent flow rate,where the highest of T131.47 kg·kg^(-1) was 47.82%higher than that of T4.In summary,when the content of sodium ion in irrigation water does not exceed 60 mg·L^(-1),15%of effluent flow rate could be the optimum irrigation index for cucumber growth with coconut-coir cultivation.