句首时间词语句法成分分析探疑

Analysis and Exploration of Time Word Components at the Beginning of a Sentence

在现代汉语里,时间词语为了表达的需要常常处于句首,句首时间词语在句中作主语还是状语,目前在学界颇有争议。本文从这些争议入手,指出了不同学者在成分分析上一些矛盾对立的观点,并从语义类型角度出发,对句首时间词语句法成分分析再次探疑,认为只有当句首时间词语和后面部分构成被判断说明、被描写、被叙述的语义关系时,才能作主语的一些情况。找出了产生争议的原因,不能就句法论句法,不能忽视了句法和语义之间的关联。

In modern Chinese,time words are often placed at the beginning of a sentence for the purpose of expression.Whether the time words at the beginning of a sentence are used as subject or adverbial is quite con-troversial in the academic circle.Starting from these disputes,this paper points out some contradictory viewpoints of different scholars on component analysis.And from the perspective of semantic types,it re-explores the com-positional analysis of words at the beginning of sentences,and analyzes some situations in which the sentence can be used as the subject only when the semantic relationship between the first time word and the following part is judged,described and narrated.Therefore,the reason for the controversy has been found.It is not possible to discuss the syntax in terms of syntax,and it is impossible to ignore the relationship between syntax and semantics.