从形式问题看西方哲学的深度研究

In-Depth Research on Western Philosophy in the Light of the Question of Forms

西方哲学作为西方文明的内核,以不同时期的一系列既能被人理解又对现实事物具有奠基作用的形式为主干。通过考察西方历史上第一部“哲学史”即亚里士多德《形而上学》第1卷,可见形式问题在希腊哲学中已居于极为关键的枢纽地位。通过考察历史主义哲学史叙事的限度以及若干古代与近现代思想,我们会发现形式问题对于重启西方哲学深度研究、改变既往由学派立场造成的固化局面的重要作用。

Western philosophy,as the heart of Western civilization,stems from a series of major forms that are both comprehensible and foundational to the immediate realities of different periods.An examination of the first Western work on the history of philosophy,the first volume of Aristotle’s Metaphysics shows that the question of forms was clearly already a crucial nexus in Greek philosophy.The cumulative effect of history means that five levels of forms are generally perceptible to the modern mind.Through exploring the narrative limits of historicism’s history of philosophy and a number of pre-modern and modern ideas,we can find the significance of the question of forms by relaunching the in-depth study of Western philosophy and altering the previous inflexible stance arising from the standpoint of different schools.