从“经学思维”到“子学精神”:“新子学”的古典学路向

From“Confucian Classics Thinking”to the“Zixue Spirit”:The Classical Route of New Zixue

“经学思维”与“子学精神”为古典学之二端,前者是将儒学意识形态化后所形成的神性、独尊、封闭的文化心理与认知结构,后者则是“新子学”基于多元、开放、平等、对话等现代文化诉求与学术理念,而提炼出来的对于诸子精神的整体认知和学术范导。因此,“新子学”代表一种消解“经学思维”以发掘“子学精神”的古典学路向,它既不同于试图重构古典政治体制的“新经学”叙事,也有别于超离古典语境的“新天下主义”叙事。作为古典学叙事的“新子学”,应力避经学“建制”思维的闭路循环,而借助“新人文”理念逐渐打破森严的学科壁垒,同时在古典的限度内“如珠走盘”地“重构”古典学的知识谱系,最终实现古代思想资源的创造性转化。

“Confucian classics thinking”and the“zixue spirit”are two extremes of classical studies.The former is the sanctified,closed cultural psychology and cognitive structure with a single orthodoxy created when Confucianism became an ideology,while the latter is newzixue’s basis in modernized cultural aspirations and academic concepts such as pluralism,openness,equality and dialogue,distilled into the holistic cognition and regulatory guidance of the spirit of pre-Qin philosophical thought.New zixue provides a classical approach that dissolves“thinking of the Confucian classics”in order to discover the zixue spirit,which differs from both the new classical learning narrative that attempts to reconstruct the classical political system and the new cosmopolitan narrative that transcends the classical context.As the narrative of classical learning,new zixue should avoid the closed loop of the systemic thinking of the Confucian classics and gradually break down rigid disciplinary barriers through the concept of“new humanities”while at the same time reconstructing the pedigree of classical knowledge within the limits of the classics as smoothly as“beads rolling on a tray,”and ultimately realizing the creative transformation of ancient intellectual resources.