涉外法治的概念与体系

The Concept and System of Foreign-Related Rule of Law

涉外法治是习近平法治思想中的重要内容。不同于国内法治与国际法治,涉外法治介于二者之间,自成一个体系。从规范法学的角度来看,涉外法治是指国家制定或确认的、跨国家生效的、保护国家海外利益、参与全球治理的立法、执法与司法等活动。从政治法学的角度来看,超级大国往往对外推行普世主义的抽象法治,实质上是霸权主义。涉外法治主要包括两个相互交织的层面,积极层面在于参与全球法律治理改革,推动构建更加公平公正的国际法治,消极层面在于以具体法治的方式防御和反制抽象法治及其背后的霸权。我国涉外法治体系建设应以人类命运共同体与国家尊严为双重理念基础,以尊重国家主权与尊严、保护核心利益与发展利益以及善意合作与依法斗争相结合为原则,构建包括立法、执法、司法以及涉外法律服务等多个层次的具体制度体系。

The foreign-related rule of law(FRRL)is an important part of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law.Different from the domestic rule of law and the international rule of law,FRRL is between the two and forms a system.From the perspective of normative legal theory,FRRL refers to the legislative,law enforcement,judicial and other rule of law activities formulated or confirmed by the state,validating across countries and participating in global governance.From the perspective of political legal theory,superpowers often externally promote a universalist abstract FRRL,which is essentially hegemonic.The FRRL mainly includes two intertwined dimensions:the negative dimension is to defend and counter the abstract rule of law,and the negative dimension is to defend and counter the abstract rule of law and the hegemony behind it.The system of FRRL in China should be based on the dual idea of a community with a shared future for mankind and national dignity,and on the principle of respecting sovereignty and dignity,protecting core and development interests,and the combination of good faith cooperation and fighting according to law,and establish concrete institutional systems at multiple levels,including legislation,law enforcement,justice,and foreign-related legal services,etc.