氢储运技术研究进展与发展趋势

Research progress and development trend of hydrogen storage and transportation technology

储氢技术是氢储运过程的关键环节,是解决大规模可再生能源发电储存的一种新途径,而高效、低耗的储氢技术对于实现氢储能产业大规模应用至关重要。介绍了高压气态储氢、低温液态储氢和固态储氢3种典型的储氢技术;通过对3种储氢技术的分析,建立了从制氢点到加氢站的成本计算数学模型,并运用该模型对比分析了不同储氢技术的经济性。分析发现,3种储氢技术有各自的优势与缺点,运输距离会影响储氢方式的选择,在实际工程应用中,需要结合现场条件综合考虑。预测未来10~15年,国内会以高压气态储氢运输为主。

Hydrogen storage technology is a key link in the process of hydrogen storage and transportation and a new way to solve the problem of large-scale renewable energy power generation and storage. High efficiency and low consumption hydrogen storage technology is very important to realize the large-scale application of hydrogen energy storage industry. Three typical hydrogen storage technologies, high pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low temperature liquid hydrogen storage and solid hydrogen storage, were introduced. Through the analysis of three kinds of hydrogen storage technologies, the mathematical model of cost calculation from hydrogen production point to hydrogenation station was established, and the economy of different hydrogen storage technologies was compared and analyzed by using the model. It is found that the three hydrogen storage technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the transportation distance will affect the selection of hydrogen storage mode. In practical engineering application,and it needs to be comprehensively considered in combination with site conditions. It is predicted that the mode of high pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and transportation will occupy centre stage in the next 10 to 15 years in China.