昆明市五华区某校中学生营养知识、态度、行为现况调查

Nutrition Knowledge,Attitude,and Practice among Middle School Student in Wuhua District of Kunming

目的:了解昆明市五华区某中学学生营养知识、态度与行为(KAP)现状,发现学生营养健康方面存在的问题,为学校制定个性化营养健康教育策略提供依据。方法:2020年7月采用整群抽样方法,对昆明市五华区某校190名中学生进行横断面调查,问卷采用自行设计的结构化KAP模型问卷。结果:190名中学生中,对营养知识的知晓率为45.3%~93.7%,仅有11.1%的学生营养知识得分为满分,不同年龄学生营养知识得分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=8.640,P<0.05)。营养知识得分高的学生,其营养态度好于营养知识得分低的学生。53.2%的学生有挑食行为,74.6%的学生有偶尔吃零食的习惯,仅有39.04%的学生能做到天天吃早餐;学生最喜欢吃的食物为肉类,最不喜欢吃的食物为蔬菜类和豆制品。结论:中学生对营养知识的知晓率、正确态度率和行为形成率有待提升,有必要加强对中学生营养知识的宣传和教育力度,并改善目前中学生的膳食行为习惯。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the nutrition knowledge,attitude,practice(KAP) and identify nutritional health issues among middle school student in Wuhua district of Kunming,and to provide evidence for formulate personalized nutrition education strategies.METHODS 190 students were collected from middle school student in Wuhua district of Kunming by a cluster random sampling in July of 2020.A self-designed structured KAP model questionnaire survey was performed to investigate their nutritional knowledge,nutritional attitude and dietary behaviors,and then the data were analyzed.RESULTS 190 valid questionnaires were collected in the survey.The awareness rate of nutrition knowledge was 45.3%~93.7%,and only 11.1% of the students got full marks.The difference between age and nutritional knowledge score was statistically significant(t=8.640,P<0.05).The nutrition attitude of the students with high score of nutrition knowledge was better than that of the students with low score of nutrition knowledge.Approximately 53.2% of the students had picky eating behavior,and only less than half(39.04%) of college students ate breakfast everyday.The most popular food for students was meat,and the least favorite food was vegetables and soy products.74.6% of the students had the habit of occasionally eating snacks.CONCLUSION The awareness rate of nutrition knowledge,correct attitude rate and behavior formation rate of middle school students needed to be improved.It was necessary to strengthen the propaganda and education of nutrition science knowledge among middle school students and improve the current dietary behavior habits.