基于健康素养监测的居民自评健康状况研究

Study on Residents'Self-reported Health Status Based on Health Literacy Monitoring

目的:分析辽宁省居民自评健康状况与健康素养的关系,为健康教育干预措施和策略的制定提供依据。方法:采用分层多阶段与人口规模成比例抽样(PPS)方法,抽取辽宁省[15,69)岁常住居民进行问卷调查,应用多因素logistic回归分析自评健康状况与健康素养的关系。结果:回收有效问卷2916份,男性占46.33%,女性占53.67%。辽宁省居民自评健康状况较差比例为37.93%,其中城市居民为34.28%,农村居民为41.70%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经趋势卡方检验,城乡居民自评健康较差比例随年龄组升高而升高,随文化程度升高而降低,不同职业人群自评健康状况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归结果显示,农村居民3方面素养中健康生活方式与行为(OR=0.539)、6类问题中科学健康观(OR=0.733)是自评健康状况良好的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论:健康素养是自评健康良好的保护因素,健康素养水平的提升是改善居民健康状况的重要途径。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between self-reported health status and health literacy of residents in Liaoning province, and to provide basis for the establishment of health education intervention measures and strategies. METHODS The stratified multistage and probability proportionate to population size sampling( PPS sampling) method was adopted in this investigation, and a questionnaire survey was conducted among permanent residents aged [15,69] in Liaoning province, multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between self-reported health status and health literacy. RESULTS 2 916 valid questionnaires were collected, 46.33% male and 53.67% female, the proportion of Liaoning residents who reported their poor health status was 37.93%, among which 34.28% were urban residents and 41.70 %were rural residents( P<0.05). The proportion of urban and rural residents’ self-reported poor health increased with the increase of age group and decreased with the increase of education level. There were statistically significant differences in self-reported health status among different occupational groups( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that for rural residents, healthy lifestyle and behavior, the scientific concept of health were protective factors for self-reported health status( OR=0.539, 0.733, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Health literacy was a protective factor for self-reported health, the improvement of health literacy level was an important way to improve residents’ health.