滴灌频率对日光温室土壤水热分布及黄瓜生长的影响

Effect of drip irrigation frequency on soil hydrothermal distribution in solar greenhouses and cucumber growth

以黄瓜新品种黄乳4号为试验材料,在滴灌条件下开展3个灌水频率1、3、5 d的田间试验,研究灌水频率对温室土壤水热分布及黄瓜生长的影响。结果表明:在黄瓜生育期内,黄瓜最大耗水时期为盛瓜期,高频灌水处理的土壤水分变化保持在一个较稳定的范围;黄瓜株高、茎粗、叶绿素(SPAD)、叶片数、产量均以低频灌水处理5 d为最大值,分别为276.0 cm、13.5 mm、53.4、52.7、7 700.48 kg/666.7 m^(2);黄瓜Vc、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物含量随着灌水频率的降低呈现增长趋势,有机酸含量随灌水频率的降低呈现先增加后减少的趋势。因此,在灌溉定额一定的条件下,灌溉频率为5 d灌溉1次,能够促进黄瓜生长,有利于黄瓜坐果,产量增加,提升黄瓜果实品质。

In order to build a reasonable drip irrigation technology for solar greenhouses in Ningxia,and study the effect of drip irrigation frequency on soil hydrothermal distribution in greenhouses and cucumber growth,a new cucumber variety‘Huangru No.4’ was used as the experimental material to carry out three field trials with irrigation frequency 1 d,3 d,and 5d.The results show that the maximum water consumption period of cucumber was at the peak of cucumber fertility,and the soil moisture variation of high-frequency irrigation treatment remained in a relatively stable range.In Ningxia solar greenhouse cucumber cultivation,the plant height,stem thickness,chlorophyll,number of leaves,and yield of cucumber reached their maximum values at 5 d of low frequency treatment,which were 276.0 cm,13.5 mm,53.4,52.7,and 7 700.48 kg/666.7 m^(2),respectively.With the decrease of irrigation frequency,the Vccontent,soluble sugar content,and soluble solids content of cucumber showed an increasing trend,and organic acid showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing.Therefore,under the condition of irrigation quota,irrigation frequency of 5 d can promote the growth of cucumber,which is conducive to cucumber fruit set,yield increase and cucumber fruit quality improvement.