广州南沙某大型商业步行街自然排烟有效性分析

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Natural Smoke Exhaust in a Large Commercial Pedestrian Street in Nansha,Guangzhou

步行街是商业建筑购物、休闲的步行街道,也是两侧商铺火灾时的疏散通道。《建筑设计防火规范(2018年版):GB50016—2014》要求步行街采用自然排烟方式,并对自然排烟的排烟窗面积、布置进行了规定,但对步行街的建筑高度没有规定。对建筑高度超过24 m的某大型商业步行街的自然排烟有效性进行分析,通过CFD模拟分析烟气的蔓延时间ASET和人员疏散时间RSET进行判断,并提出加强措施,以保证步行街作为周边商铺疏散条件的安全性。建议在每层步行街的中庭开口部位设置挡烟垂壁,阻止烟气向两侧步行街蔓延,延长烟气的蔓延时间,确保人员能安全疏散。

The pedestrian street is a pedestrian street for shopping and leisure in commercial buildings,and also an evacuation channel for stores on both sides in case of fire.The Code for Fire Protection in Building Design requires pedestrian streets to adopt natural smoke exhaust and provides for the area and arrangement of smoke exhaust windows for natural smoke exhaust,but the code does not provide for the building height of pedestrian streets.Analyze the effectiveness of natural smoke exhaust in a large commercial pedestrian street with building height over 24 m,and judge the smoke spread time ASET and personnel evacuation time RSET through CFD simulation analysis,and propose strengthening measures to ensure the safety of pedestrian street as evacuation conditions for surrounding stores.It is recommended that smoke barriers be installed in the atrium opening of each floor of the pedestrian street to stop the spread of smoke to both sides of the pedestrian street,prolong the spread of smoke and ensure the safe evacuation of people.