纯电动汽车电驱动系统噪声控制技术研究进展

Progress in Research of Noise Control Technology for Drive System of Pure Electric Vehicles

从纯电动汽车电驱动系统的噪声问题出发,对电驱动系统中的减/变速器的齿轮啸叫噪声、壳体辐射噪声以及共振引起的噪声、永磁同步电机和感应电机的机械噪声、空气动力噪声和电磁噪声的产生机理与控制技术进行了综述与分析,对纯电动汽车噪声控制的未来进行了展望。研究表明,减/变速器的噪声控制主要从自身结构和材料出发,而永磁同步电机和感应电机的噪声主要是由电磁噪声引起的,对其控制需要从自身与谐波控制两方面着手。随着新型材料技术和数字处理器技术的发展,磁流变弹性体、压电元件等新型智能材料将有望应用于纯电动汽车的噪声控制,控制电机电磁噪声的复杂控制策略和算法将具有更好的实时性和稳定性。

Aiming at the noise problem of the electric drive system of pure electric vehicles,the generation mechanism and control technology of the reducer/transmission whistling noise,shell radiation noise and noise caused by resonance,mechanical noise,aerodynamic noise and electromagnetic noise of permanent magnet synchronous motors and induction motors were summarized and analyzed.And the future of noise control for pure electric vehicles were looked forward to.Research results show that the noise control of the reducer/transmission mainly involves its own structure and materials.Noise of the permanent magnet synchronous motors and induction motors are often controlled from their own structures and the harmonic control,because their noises are mainly caused by electromagnetic noise.With the development of new material technology and digital processor technology,new smart materials,such as magnetorheological elastomers and piezoelectric element,will be expected to be applied to the noise control of pure electric vehicles.In addition,the complex control strategies and algorithms for controlling the electromagnetic noise of the motor will have better real-time performance and stability.