我国职业教育产教融合政策价值取向研究

On the Value Orientation of Industry-education Integration Policy of Vocational Education in China

产教融合是一种开放跨界的教育运行体系,其政策价值取向涉及多个主体,面临校企难以协同、产教难以深度融合等问题。梳理产教融合相关政策发现,政策价值取向呈现工具理性和价值理性相对立,且两种价值取向在不同历史时期此消彼长、错位统一的特点。整体性治理理论或可调和工具理性和价值理性间的紧张关系:通过整合价值目标实现职业性与教育性的协调统一、社会本位与个人本位的有机整合。通过多样化协调,整合专业设置与产业需求,实现协同育人;将课程内容融入价值理性,与职业标准衔接,实现协同创新;加强教师与学生沟通,实现职业发展;最终促进职业教育产教融合和校企一体化。

The integration of industry and education is an open crossover of education system.Its policy value orientation which involves multiple subjects is faced with the difficulties in the coordination between schools and enterprises and in the in-depth integration between industry and education.Sorting out the relevant policies of industry-education integration,this paper finds that the policy value orientation is characterized by the opposition between instrumental rationality and value rationality,which are the unity of opposites related inversely in different historical periods.The holistic governance theory may reconcile the tension between instrumental rationality and value rationality by integrating value objectives to harmonize profession with education and to combine social standard with individual standard.In order to ultimately promote industry education integration and school-enterprise integration in vocational education,it is essential that specialty setting is integrated with industrial needs through diversified coordination to achieve collaborative education;teaching content is integrated into value rationality and curriculum is closely connected with professional standards to achieve collaborative innovation;and communication between teachers and students is strengthened to achieve professional development.