基于未成年人不法侵害的正当防卫权限缩根据

Limitation of Justifiable Defense Based on Illegal Infringement of Minors

刑法对未成年人的保护是全方位、全过程的保护,作为排除犯罪事由的正当防卫制度在未成年人权益保护方面自然不能缺位。未成年人实施侵害他人合法权益的不良行为或者严重不良行为,固然有未成年人自身的意志因素,但主要是其他社会主体对未成年人权益保护不到位,致使未成年人在侵害他人合法权益的同时也成为权益得不到有效保护的受害人。因此,对未成年人的正当防卫应当考虑侵害人和受害人权益保护的“双向性”,更加科学地把握对未成年人实施正当防卫的限度标准,限缩正当防卫权的范围,体现“教育为主,惩罚为辅”的未成年人权益保护理念。

The protection of minors in criminal law is all-round and holistic,which naturally cannot be absent in the protection of the rights and interests of minors as a cause of exclusion of crime.Minors committing delinquent acts or serious delinquent acts that infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of others certainly have their own volitional factors,but the main reason is that other social entities do not protect the rights and interests of minors,resulting in minors infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of others while also becoming victims whose rights and interests are not effectively protected.Therefore,the legitimate defense of minors should take into account the“two-way”nature of the protection of the rights and interests of the aggressor and the victim,more scientifically grasp the limits of legitimate defense of minors,and limit the scope of justifiable defense.Therefore,it can reflect the concept of“education supplemented by punishment”to protect the rights and interests of minors.