油松4个产地共40个半同胞家系苗期及试验林调查分析

Investigation and analysis of seedling and experiment plantation of 40 half-sib-families from 4 seed provenances of Pinus tabuliformis

【目的】研究油松不同产地半同胞家系苗期和造林后表现,探索制定油松育种策略的依据。【方法】试验种子采自内蒙古宁城、河北遵化、山西上庄和河南卢氏等能代表上述产地的4个种子园,共含40个半同胞家系。在甘肃华池山庄林场育苗和造林。【结果】(1)育苗和试验林期间苗木保存状况在产地和家系间没有观察到异常,提供了需要深入研究的信息。(2)4个产地4年生苗高和地径平均值变动于68.8~76.7 cm和5.3~5.6 mm间;40个家系苗高和地径在53.4~105.4 cm和4.2~6.6 mm;各家系内苗高最大值与最小值的差变动于12.7~21.2 cm,相当于各该家系当年苗高的17%~34%。4个产地4年生苗高变异系数为12.1%~18.2%,地径为9.9%~12.8%;家系4年生苗高的变异系数为3.1%~6.2%,地径3.9%~6.9%;试验林40个家系22年生树高和胸径变动于5.38~6.74 m和8.13~14.25 cm。在产地、家系和家系内生长都存在差异,选择空间大。(3)各产地1~2年生苗高序次有变动,后趋于稳定,家系3年和4年苗高序次基本相同;试验林8、12、17、21、22龄树高相关,胸径12龄后相关;3~4年生苗高与试验林22年生树高的序相关系数达到显著水平。【结论】供试种子远距离育苗和造林,保存状况未见异常;在产地、家系、家系内3个层次中,苗木和试验林的高、径变幅都较大,多层次选择,可以提高增产潜力;早期选择的年龄可能显著提前。

[Objective]This paper aims to study the performance of half-sib-families of Pinus tabuliformis from four provenances at seedling stage and after afforestation,and to explore the basis for formulating breeding strategies of the species.[Method]The seeds were collected from four seed orchards,including Ningcheng of Inner Mongolia,Zunhua of Hebei,Shangzhuang of Shanxi of northern China,and Lushi of Henan,central China,which were representative of the above provenances,with a total of 40 half-sib families.Seedling and afforestation were carried out at Shanzhuang Forest Farm of Huachi,Gansu Province of northwestern China.[Result](1)No difference was observed in the preservation status of seedlings among tested provenances and families during seedling and experimental stand,which provided important information for further study.(2)The average seedling height of 4-year-old seedlings in the four provenance was 68.8-76.7 cm,and the ground diameter was 5.3-5.6 mm.Seedling height and ground diameter of 40families varied in 53.4-105.4 cm and 4.2-6.6 mm.The maximum and minimum values of seedling height in a family ranged from 17.2 to 21.2 cm,which was equivalent to 17%to 34%of seedling height in that year.The variation coefficient of 4-year-old seedling height was 12.1%-18.2%,and the ground diameter was10.4%-12.8%.The variation coefficient of seedling height and ground diameter were 3.1%-6.2%and3.9%-6.9%,respectively.The tree height and DBH of 22-year-old trees from 40 families varied from 5.38 to6.74 m and 8.13 to 14.25 cm,respectively.There were differences in origin,family and growth within family,and there was a large choice space.(3)The height order of 1-2-year-old seedlings in each provenance changed and then tended to be stable.The height order of 3-year-old and 4-year-old seedlings in families was basically the same.The height of 8,12,17,21 and 22-year-old trees was correlated,and the DBH was correlated after 12-year-old.The sequence correlation coefficient between seedling height of 3-4-year-old and tree height of 22-year-old reached a significant level.[Conclusion]No abnormality is found in the preservation condition of the tested seeds after long-distance seedling raising and afforestation;among the three levels of origin,family and within family,the height and diameter of seedlings and experimental forests vary greatly.Multi-level selection can improve the yield potential;the age of early selection may be significantly earlier.