社会形态发展与家的演变——基于历史唯物主义的逻辑

Study of the Development of Social Forms and Family Evolution Based on Historical Materialism

社会形态发展与家庭演变密切相关:在传统社会,家是建基于土地之上的有根之家,传统之家虽然有根,却并非基于互爱与独立,而是源于门当户对,源于土地供养,源于家长制的罩护,是原始的有根;在资本主义社会,家是畸形生长的失根之家,货币是家得以存在和维系的根系,构建在货币之上的家庭没有稳固的生存之基,家庭成员处于异化的时空下,面临诸多不确定因素和危机;社会主义和共产主义社会对前两种社会形态的家庭进行了扬弃和超越,为基于互爱的家庭构建了公正的制度环境和自由的时空环境,实现妇女解放与男女主体性。在当代,社会主义土壤下的家庭建构要比西方资本主义土壤下的家庭建构好很多,优越很多。要解决西方资本主义社会的整体困境——尤其是家庭困境——就必然要到东方社会寻找根系和智慧。

The development of social forms highly correlates the evolution of families.In the traditional societies,family arises from land rather than mutual love and independence,and usually has well-matched marriage and patriarchal system.In the capitalist societies,family has no root,but is formed based on money.Family members in the capitalist societies alienate when they face uncertainties and crises.The socialist and communist societies sublate and exceed the families in the above-mentioned two social forms,provide fair and free environments for the families that have real love,promote the liberation of women and the subjectivity of both men and women.At present,the families in the socialist society are better than the families in the capitalist societies.The eastern society can help resolve the predicaments of the western capitalist society,especially the family predicaments.