不同产地蒙古黄芪矿物元素比较研究

A Comparative Study of Inorganic Elements in Cultivativing Astragalus Membranaceus From Different Habitats

无机元素与药材的药效密切相关,其通过对次生代谢途径中各种酶活性的调节作用而影响中药中次生代谢产物的合成,是中药质量控制不可或缺的特征参数。为有效鉴别蒙古黄芪产地和品质差异,找出蒙古黄芪的特征元素及其与产地的关系。实验采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)测定青海省不同产地蒙古黄芪无机元素的种类与含量,分别用S PSS 22.0和R包对数据进行聚类分析和主成分分析。测定了黄芪中的12种元素,主成分分析结果显示Ca,Fe,Li,P,K,Mg,Zn,AL,Na元素为蒙古黄芪的特征元素。聚类结果表明不同产地的蒙古黄芪样品中无机元素的种类和含量与产地有一定的关联性,当欧氏距离为8时,可聚为三大类,S12为一类,S1,S2,S4,S5,S6,S7,S10,S 11,S13,S16聚为一类,其余的产地聚为一类,结合ArcGIS样点分布图,可更为直观地看出产地与其品质的关系。此外,建立了蒙古黄芪中无机元素的分布特征图谱,不同产地蒙古黄芪无机元素特征图谱相似度均为0.996以上,因此可结合指纹图谱对不同产地的蒙古黄芪进行识别分析。从无机元素含量的主成分分析结果来看,产于S10(互助县东沟乡纳卡村)的黄芪质量最优,总因子得分值F最高,其次是S7和S8,可见,互助县整体蒙古黄芪的品质较好。结果表明蒙古黄芪具有丰富的矿物元素,其含量受产地影响,关注药材中元素的含量和种类,不仅是对药理成分的补充说明,更能从元素角度进一步揭示其品质优劣,研究结果为蒙古黄芪的资源开发利用及品质鉴定提供参考依据,为蒙古黄芪的质量安全控制提供保障。

Mineral elements are closely related to the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.They affect the synthesis of secondary metabolites by regulating the activities of various enzymes in the secondary metabolism pathway,which is an indispensable characteristic parameter for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine.In order to effectively identify the quality differences of Astragalus membranaceus,the characteristic elements of Astragalus membranaceus and their relationship with the region were found out.The species and contents of mineral elements in Astragalus membranaceus from different areas in Qinghai Province were determined by ICP-OES.The data were analyzed by cluster analysis and principal component analysis(PCA)with SPSS 22.0 and R package respectively.12 kinds of elements in Astragalus membranaceus were determined.The results of PCA showed that Ca,Fe,Li,P,K,Mg,Zn,AL,Na were characteristic elements of Astragalus membranaceus;the clustering analysis results showed that the types and contents of mineral elements in the samples were related to the producing area.When the Euclidean distance was 8,the samples could be clustered into three categories:S12 was clustered into one group,S1,S2,S4,S5,S6,S7,S10,S11,S13,S16 could be clustered into one category,the other samples were in one group.Combining with the distribution map of ArcGIS,the relationship between producing area and its quality can be seen more intuitively.In addition,the distribution characteristics of inorganic elements in Astragalus membranaceus were established.The similarity of the characteristics of inorganic elements in Astragalus membranaceus from different areas was more than 0.996.Therefore,the fingerprint can be used to identify and analyze Astragalus membranaceus from different areas.From the results of PCA of element content,the quality of Astragalus membranaceus produced in S10(Naka village,Donggou Township,Huzhu county)was the best,the total factor score F was the highest,followed by S7 and S8,which showed that the quality of Astragalus membranaceus in Huzhu county was good.The results show that Astragalus membranaceus is rich in mineral elements,and its content is affected by the place of production.Paying attention to the content and types of elements in the medicinal materials is a supplementary explanation of the pharmacological components and can further reveal the quality from the perspective of elements.The results provide a reference basis for the development and utilization of resources and quality identification of Astragalus membranaceus and provide a guarantee for quality and safety control it.